"Too much is as bad as too little" is so terrible

The latest monitoring results from the Catastrophic Sports Injury Research Center in the United States show that from 1983 to 1993, 160 deaths were not caused by sports injuries. The number of deaths per million athletes is between 1.16 and 14.50 per year. Among them, the mortality rate of middle school girls is the lowest, while that of college boys is the highest.

Cardiovascular damage accounted for 74% of the total deaths, while other non-cardiac causes, including hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis and continuous asthma, accounted for 22%. There were 17 fatalities in track and field events and cross-country running, most of them secondary school students.

They also studied the causes of sudden death in 158 athletes in the United States between 1985 and 1995, which are also included in the above research results: 134 cases had cardiovascular defects, 90% of whom were men, and 18% of the deaths occurred in track and field athletes.

Professor Wen said that long-distance runners need a series of medical supervision before running, such as diet, daily life, weight, exercise volume and intensity, etc., to ensure safety during exercise. Ordinary people should pay more attention to medical supervision when participating in marathons.

For athletes, if you don’t exercise much on a regular basis, don’t sign up for such intense exercise. If you have already registered, it is best to go to the hospital for a physical examination before the competition. In addition, if you feel unwell while running, stop immediately and don't force yourself to keep going. He also stressed that organizers of marathon events also need to conduct physical examinations and inquire about the sports history of participants before the event begins, and those who are not suitable should be advised not to participate.

Sudden death rescue is calculated in seconds

According to Professor Wen, the symptoms of sudden death are sudden coma, unconsciousness, loss of pulse, cessation of breathing, inaudible heartbeat, dilated pupils, and a pale complexion. At normal temperature, if the heart stops beating for more than 3-5 seconds, the patient will feel dizzy, faint after 10-20 seconds, and convulsions after 40 seconds. At this time, the patient's pupils may dilate, and after 60 seconds, the patient will stop breathing and become incontinent. After 4 minutes, brain cells begin to suffer irreversible damage, and after 10 minutes, brain cells may die.

Therefore, the key to rescuing sudden death patients is speed. According to statistics, if cardiopulmonary resuscitation is performed on the spot within 4 minutes and further cardiopulmonary and cerebral resuscitation is done within 8 minutes, 94% of patients can be successfully resuscitated and survive long-term.

Others take 12 minutes as the critical point, that is, if cardiopulmonary resuscitation is not performed within 12 minutes, the possibility of successful rescue is almost zero. It is no exaggeration to say that time is life.

When a person suddenly faints, loses consciousness, or has convulsions without external causes, and has no heartbeat or breathing, the first thing to realize is that it may be sudden cardiac death. If the patient has cried out in chest pain or grabbed his chest with his hands and was in pain before the attack, this disease should be considered. If you know that the patient has had coronary heart disease before, you should consider sudden cardiac death when such symptoms occur.

Professor Wen reminds patients that sudden death is predictable. Generally, before the onset of the disease, one will feel brief angina pectoris, or feel a lump in the throat or difficulty swallowing. Some people may also experience sweating and chest tightness for 3-5 minutes. The most common signs are general weakness, dizziness, and chest tightness.

However, when these conditions occur in middle-aged and young people, they are usually unaware that they have cardiovascular disease. Most young people think they have good physical strength and do not care even if their bodies are overdrawn. They think occasional physical discomfort is just tiredness and that they will be fine after a rest, not realizing that this may be a precursor to illness.

How to help sudden death patients

What should people who do not know or are not familiar with on-site first aid and have not received CPR training do if they encounter someone who dies suddenly? First of all, do not panic, but stay calm, find out what happened as soon as possible, and then shout for help so that people around you can come as soon as possible. Those who know CPR can perform first aid. During first aid, in addition to mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, do not pretend to know and rashly perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation operations such as artificial chest compressions. This can easily cause the patient to suffer rib fractures, severe internal bleeding or other complications.

In addition, if the patient has dentures or dentures, they must be removed. While the rescue is taking place, others can quickly call an ambulance. When calling, be sure to clearly state the patient's general location, street name, and the caller's own name and phone number. After making the call, someone should be sent to the intersection to wait for the arrival of the ambulance so as to guide the rescue personnel to the scene as soon as possible.